globals

[ 
; number-of-repeats
month-counter
run-counter

monthlyCost

; savers and borrowers

potentialBorrowers
nOfNewBorrowers 
nOfDefaulters

;initialSavings

maxPossibleLendingAtEndOfMonth

totalCapitalRepayments
totalBorrowersInterestPayments 
totalRepayments  ; interest plus capital

totalSavings
newLoanSupply
newLoansAvailable 
banksSpareCash
totalNewLoans
loanError

maxRWA
maxTotalRiskWeightedExposure  
maxLendingAllowed

nOfLoans
totalLoans

monthlyLoanRate
loanTermMonths

monthlySaversrate
totalSaversInterestPayments


totalSavingsAtStartOfMonth
totalSavingsAtEndOfMonth

totalBorrowingAtStartOfMonth
totalBorrowingAtEndOfMonth

totalCurrentProfit
totalBadDebts
totalRetainedProfit 

monthLoansStop

; macro

totalExpenditure

; banks 

loanSize

riskWeightLiquid%
riskWeightMortgages%
riskWeightConsumerLoans%
riskWeightLoan%

totalCapitalAtEndOfMonth

totalInitialDeposits
totalDepositsAtStartOfMonth
totalDepositsAtEndOfMonth

totalBanksRequiredLiquidity
totalBanksLiquidity
incomeOnLiquidAssets

totalLendingAtStartOfMonth
totalLendingAtEndOfMonth
reserveRatio%


totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth 
totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth 
overallBalanceAtEndOfMonth
overallBalanceAtStartOfMonth

totalCapital 

totalRiskWeightedExposure 
capitalAdequacyRatio%
carConstraintIndicator

bankDepositMultiplier

check

; data collection
;12 months
reserveRatio%12 accumReserveRatio%12
capitalAdequacyRatio%12 accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%12
bankDepositMultiplier12 accumBankDepositMultiplier12

totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth12  totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth12 totalRetainedProfit12 totalLendingAtEndOfMonth12
accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth12 accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth12  accumTotalRetainedProfit12 accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth12     
        
totalNewLoans12 accumTotalNewLoans12 

totalExpenditure12  accumTotalExpenditure12
totalRepayments12 accumTotalRepayments12  

borrowers12 accumBorrowers12
savers12 accumSavers12
potentialBorrowers12 accumPotentialBorrowers12
avSavings12 accumAvSavings12


; 60 months
reserveRatio%60 accumReserveRatio%60
capitalAdequacyRatio%60 accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%60
bankDepositMultiplier60 accumBankDepositMultiplier60

totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth60  totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth60 totalRetainedProfit60 totalLendingAtEndOfMonth60
accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth60 accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth60  accumTotalRetainedProfit60 accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth60
totalNewLoans60 accumTotalNewLoans60 

totalExpenditure60  accumTotalExpenditure60
totalRepayments60 accumTotalRepayments60  

borrowers60 accumBorrowers60
savers60 accumSavers60
potentialBorrowers60 accumPotentialBorrowers60
avSavings60 accumAvSavings60

;120 months
reserveRatio%120 accumReserveRatio%120
capitalAdequacyRatio%120 accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%120
bankDepositMultiplier120 accumBankDepositMultiplier120

totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth120  totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth120 totalRetainedProfit120 totalLendingAtEndOfMonth120
accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth120 accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth120  accumTotalRetainedProfit120 accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth120

totalNewLoans120 accumTotalNewLoans120 

totalExpenditure120  accumTotalExpenditure120
totalRepayments120 accumTotalRepayments120  

borrowers120 accumBorrowers120
savers120 accumSavers120
potentialBorrowers120 accumPotentialBorrowers120
avSavings120 accumAvSavings120

]

breed [ households household ]
breed [ banks bank ]

households-own 
  [
    budget 
    potentialBorrower
    ownExpenditureThisMonth
    ownTotalSavings 
    saversInterestPayment
    spentLoan
    ownOutstandingBorrowing
    newLoan
    ownLoan  
    seller 
    monthlyRepayment 
    borrowersInterestPayment
    capitalRepayment
    defaulter
    loanRepaid ; from payment i.e. in excess of monthly repayments
    savingHistory 
    borrowingHistory
    paymentHistory 
  ]     


banks-own 
  [    
;  equityCapital
  initialDeposits
  deposits
  banksRequiredLiquidity
  banksActualLiquidity
  lending
  capital ; equityCapital
  badDebts
  assets
  liabilities
  balance
  riskWeightedExposure
  loanSupply
   ]

;_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

to setup 
 
; to ensure density of agents is 1%
  if nofHouseholds = 1000 [ resize-world  -157  157  -158 158 ]
  if nofHouseholds = 5000 [ resize-world  -353  353  -353 353 ]
  if nofHouseholds = 10000[ resize-world  -500  500  -500 500 ]
  
  clear-all
  ask patches  [set pcolor white]
 
  set riskWeightLiquid% 0
  set riskWeightMortgages% 50
  set riskWeightConsumerLoans% 100
  
 ; data recording
 
  ; 12 months 
  set accumReserveRatio%12 [  ] 
  set accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%12  [  ]
  set accumBankDepositMultiplier12 [  ]
  
  set accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth12 [ ]
  set accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth12  [ ]
  set accumTotalRetainedProfit12 [ ]
  set accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth12 [ ]
  
  set accumBorrowers12 [ ]
  set accumSavers12 [ ]
  set accumPotentialBorrowers12 [ ]
  set accumAvSavings12 [ ]
  
  set accumTotalNewLoans12 [  ]
  
  set accumTotalExpenditure12 [  ]
  set accumTotalRepayments12 [  ]
 
 ; 60 months 
  set accumReserveRatio%60 [  ] 
  set accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%60  [  ]
  set accumBankDepositMultiplier60 [  ]
  
  set accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth60 [ ]
  set accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth60  [ ]
  set accumTotalRetainedProfit60 [ ]
  set accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth60 [ ]
  
  set accumBorrowers60 [ ]
  set accumSavers60 [ ]
  set accumPotentialBorrowers60 [ ]    
  set accumAvSavings60 [ ]
  
  set accumTotalNewLoans60 [  ]
  
  set accumTotalExpenditure60 [  ]
  set accumTotalRepayments60 [  ]
  
 ; 120 months 
  set accumReserveRatio%120 [  ] 
  set accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%120  [  ]
  set accumBankDepositMultiplier120 [  ]
  
  set accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth120 [ ]
  set accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth120  [ ]
  set accumTotalRetainedProfit120 [ ]
  set accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth120 [ ]
  
  set accumBorrowers120 [ ]
  set accumSavers120 [ ]
  set accumPotentialBorrowers120 [ ]
    
  set accumAvSavings120 [ ]
  
  set accumTotalNewLoans120 [  ]
  
  set accumTotalExpenditure120 [  ]
  set accumTotalRepayments120 [  ]
  
  set monthlyLoanRate ( annualLoanRate% / 12 ) / 100
  
  if loanType = "consumer loans"
  [ set loanTermMonths 36
    set loanSize 5
    set riskWeightLoan% riskWeightConsumerLoans% 
    ]

  if loanType = "mortgages"
    [ set loanTermMonths 300
      set loanSize 100
      set riskWeightLoan% riskWeightMortgages%  
    ]

 ifelse monthlyLoanRate > 0 
     [ set monthlyCost precision (( loanSize * monthlyLoanRate ) / (1 - (( 1 + monthlyLoanRate) ^ ( - loanTermMonths ))) ) 3 ]
     [ set monthlyCost precision ( loanSize / loanTermMonths ) 3 ]
  
  
 reset-ticks
end

;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

to go 
  
 repeat number-of-runs

 [  
    ; at start ot each run

     reset-globals

     repeat number-of-months
      [   
       month-reset
    
       if number-of-months > 1 
         [ 
          collect-debts 
          if annualSaversRate% > 0 
            [ pay-interest-to-savers 
              collect-interest-on-liquid-assets ]
          make-deposits 
         ] 
         
        make-loans
        spend-loans
        collect-data-at-end-of-month
      ]         
 ] 

 collect-data-at-end
  
end

;_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
; PROCEDURES
;_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

to reset-globals
; This cannot be done in setup because it needs to be done for each run.  
; at start of run

; general
  
  set run-counter run-counter + 1  
  set month-counter 0

 clear-turtles 

; households

create-households nOfHouseholds 
  [
   set shape "person"
   set color blue
   set size 5 
   setxy random-pxcor random-pycor  
     if any? other turtles-here [ 
      let empty-patches patches with [ not any? turtles-here ] 
      if not any? empty-patches [ show "Run out of empty patches!"]
      move-to one-of empty-patches ]  
   set defaulter "No"  
   ; these are to assist debugging
   set savingHistory [  ]
   set borrowingHistory [  ]
   set paymentHistory [  ]
  ] 

;  from Chapter 3 budget distribution model, with minimum set at 350 and normalised to 1 000
 
   ask households [ set budget 350 + random-exponential ( 1000 - 350 )  ]   
  
   ; to normalise budget to average 1 000 and round to 3 decimal places 
     let calculatedMeanBudget precision ( mean [ budget ] of households ) 3 
      ask households [ set budget budget * ( 1000 /  calculatedMeanBudget ) ]    
      ask households [ set budget precision ( budget / 1000 ) 3 ]


  
  ask n-of nOfSavers households
    [ 
      set ownTotalSavings 10
      set color black  ]


  ask households [ set savingHistory lput ownTotalSavings savingHistory
                   set borrowingHistory lput ownOutstandingBorrowing borrowingHistory 
                   set paymentHistory lput spentLoan paymentHistory]   

; bank

create-banks 1
[
  set shape "pentagon"
  set color green
  set size 7
  setxy 0 0 
  set initialDeposits sum [ ownTotalSavings ] of households
  set capital equityCapital
  set deposits initialDeposits 
  set lending 0
  set banksRequiredLiquidity precision ( ( deposits * targetReserveRatio% / 100 ) ) 0 
]


  set totalInitialDeposits sum [ initialDeposits ] of banks
  set totalDepositsAtStartOfMonth totalInitialDeposits
  set totalBorrowingAtStartOfMonth 0
  set totalLendingAtStartOfMonth 0

  set totalCurrentProfit 0 
  set totalBorrowersInterestPayments 0 
  set incomeOnLiquidAssets 0
  set totalSaversInterestPayments 0
  set totalBadDebts 0
  set totalRetainedProfit 0

  set totalBanksLiquidity 0
  set totalBanksRequiredLiquidity  0
  set banksSpareCash 0
  set totalCapitalAtEndOfMonth 0
  set totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth 0
  set totalLendingAtEndOfMonth 0 
  set overallBalanceAtEndOfMonth 0

  set totalRiskWeightedExposure 0

end
 
;-------------------------------

to month-reset

set month-counter month-counter + 1
set maxLendingAllowed 0
set newLoanSupply 0
set totalCurrentProfit 0
set totalExpenditure 0
set carConstraintIndicator 0


ask households 
   [ 
     set potentialBorrower "No"
     set loanRepaid 0
     set ownExpenditureThisMonth 0
     set seller 0
     set newLoan "No"
   ]

ask banks [ set badDebts 0 ]

end  

;--------------------------
 
to collect-debts
; does not run in first month  
; banks collect regular repayments from borrowers

; if shock switched on then chosen per cent of borrowers default at chosen month 
if shock and month-counter = shock-month 
[ 
  set nOfDefaulters  precision (( defaulters% / 100 ) * ( count households with [ ownOutstandingBorrowing > 0 ] )) 0
  ask n-of nOfDefaulters households with [ ownOutstandingBorrowing > 0 ] 
      [ set defaulter "Yes"
        set monthlyRepayment 0
        set borrowersInterestPayment 0
        set capitalRepayment 0 
     ]
      
  set totalBadDebts precision sum [ ownOutstandingBorrowing ] of households with [ defaulter = "Yes" ] 0 
  ask  households with [ defaulter = "Yes" ] [ set ownOutstandingBorrowing  0 ]
 ]

ask households with [ ownOutstandingBorrowing > 0 and defaulter ="No" ] 
      [  
        set borrowersInterestPayment precision ( ownOutstandingBorrowing * monthlyLoanRate ) 3
        set capitalRepayment precision ( monthlyRepayment - borrowersInterestPayment ) 3 
        set ownOutstandingBorrowing precision ( ownOutstandingBorrowing - capitalRepayment ) 3
      ] 
      
ask households [ set ownExpenditureThisMonth precision ( budget - monthlyRepayment ) 3  ]    

; for households that have paid off all their debt
ask households with [ ownOutstandingBorrowing <= 0 ]
        [ set ownOutstandingBorrowing 0 
          set ownLoan 0 
          set monthlyRepayment 0
          set capitalRepayment 0
          set borrowersInterestPayment 0
          set color blue ]  
        
 set totalRepayments precision sum [ monthlyRepayment ] of households 0
 set totalCapitalRepayments precision sum [ capitalRepayment ] of households 0
 set totalBorrowersInterestPayments precision sum [ borrowersInterestPayment ] of households 0    

end

;---------------------
to pay-interest-to-savers
; banks pay interest to savers and savers leave interest in accounts
; does not run in first month - as paid in arrears

set monthlySaversRate precision ( annualSaversRate% / ( 12 * 100 )) 6

ask households with [ ownTotalSavings > 0 ] [ set  saversInterestPayment precision ( ownTotalSavings * monthlySaversRate ) 6
                                              set ownTotalSavings ( ownTotalSavings + saversInterestPayment) ]
  
set totalSaversInterestPayments precision sum [ saversInterestPayment ] of households 0

end


;-----------------------
to collect-interest-on-liquid-assets 
; banks
; does not run in first month - as paid in arrears

set incomeOnLiquidAssets precision  ( totalBanksLiquidity * monthlySaversRate ) 0

end


;-----------------------------------
to make-deposits
; does not run in first month as initial savings set
; spentLoans are generated by payments in the last round
; households only


ask households [ set paymentHistory lput spentLoan paymentHistory ]  

ask households with [ spentLoan > 0 ] 
     [ set ownTotalSavings ( ownTotalSavings + spentLoan ) set spentLoan 0 ]       
 
ask households with [ ownOutstandingBorrowing > 0 ] [ set color red ]
ask households with [ ownOutstandingBorrowing = 0 and ownTotalSavings > 0 ] [ set color black ]


ask households [ set savingHistory lput ownTotalSavings savingHistory 
                 set borrowingHistory lput ownOutstandingBorrowing borrowingHistory ]

end

;----------------------------
to make-loans  
; banks decide how much to lend

  ; put aside funds to meet liquidity ratio 
   set totalDepositsAtStartOfMonth precision ( sum [ ownTotalSavings ] of households ) 0
   set totalBanksRequiredLiquidity precision (( totalDepositsAtStartOfMonth *  targetReserveRatio% ) / 100 ) 0
  
  ; looks at how much lent   
   set totalLendingAtStartOfMonth precision ( sum [ ownOutstandingBorrowing ] of households ) 0 ; takes repayments into account
   
  ; calculate amount available for new loans
   set totalCapital ( sum [ capital ] of banks )
   set overallBalanceAtStartOfMonth overallBalanceAtEndOfMonth
  
   set newLoanSupply precision ( totalDepositsAtStartOfMonth 
                                  - totalBanksRequiredLiquidity - totalLendingAtStartOfMonth ; includes spare cash by definition
                                ;  + overallBalanceAtStartOfMonth 
                                ) 0   
   
  if newLoanSupply < 0 [ set newLoanSupply 0 ]
   
   ; check against capital adequacy ratio calculated at end of last month - so can't be calculated for first month
   if month-counter = 1  [ set newLoansAvailable  newLoanSupply ] 
   if month-counter > 1
   [ ifelse capitalAdequacyRatio% >= targetCapitalAdequacyRatio%  
      [ set newLoansAvailable  newLoanSupply ] 
      [ set carConstraintIndicator 1
        set maxRWA  ( totalCapital + totalRetainedProfit) / ( targetCapitalAdequacyRatio% / 100 )
        set maxLendingAllowed maxRWA / ( riskWeightLoan% / 100 )   
        set newLoansAvailable  precision ( maxLendingAllowed - totalLendingAtStartOfMonth ) 0   
      ] 
   ]
   
   ; check if newLoansAvailable enough to make loans
   
   if newLoansAvailable < 0 [ set newLoansAvailable 0 set nOfLoans 0 ] 
   
   ; loanSize depends on type of loan - set under reset-globals procedure
   if newLoansAvailable < loanSize  [ set newLoansAvailable 0 set nOfLoans 0 ] 
   
   set nOfNewBorrowers "nk"
   
   ; rounding
   if newLoansAvailable > 0 [ set nOfLoans floor ( newLoansAvailable / loanSize ) ]
   if nOfLoans > 0 [ set newLoansAvailable nOfLoans * loanSize ]  
  
   ; no lending 
   if nOfLoans = 0 [ set nOfNewBorrowers 0  
                     if monthLoansStop = 0 [ set monthLoansStop month-counter ] ]
 
   ; Only one loan each.
   ; monthlyCosts is set in setup and is same for all
   
   ; applies affordability test
   ifelse affordabilityTest 
     [ ask households  with [  ownOutstandingBorrowing = 0 and  ( 0.5 * budget ) >= monthlyCost ] [ set potentialBorrower "Yes" ] ]       
     [ ask households  with [  ownOutstandingBorrowing = 0 ] [ set potentialBorrower "Yes" ] ]
   
   
   set potentialBorrowers count households  with [  potentialBorrower = "Yes" ]
     
   if potentialBorrowers = 0 [ set nOfNewBorrowers 0 ]
   
   ; number of borrowers determined by supply of loan funds or eligibility
   if potentialBorrowers != 0
   [  ifelse nOfLoans <= potentialBorrowers 
       [ set nOfNewBorrowers nOfLoans ]
       [ set nOfNewBorrowers potentialBorrowers ]
   ]

 ; households take loans
   ask n-of nOfNewBorrowers households  with [ ownOutstandingBorrowing = 0  and potentialBorrower = "Yes"]
        [ set ownLoan loanSize  ; ownLoan is the original loan that does not change
          set ownOutstandingBorrowing ownLoan ; starts off as the same as ownLoan but is reduced by capital repayments
          set monthlyRepayment monthlyCost  ; monthlyCost fixed in setup - same for all
          set newLoan "Yes"
          set color red  
        ]     
  
  set totalNewLoans sum [ ownLoan ] of households with [ newLoan = "Yes" ]   
  
  ; banks spare cash is NOT cumulative
  set banksSpareCash  newLoanSupply - totalNewLoans 
  if banksSpareCash < 0 [ set loanError "Yes" ]   
  


end

;----------------------------

to spend-loans

   ask households with [ newLoan = "Yes"   ] ; identifies only those becoming borrowers this month; if used ownLoan would include all borrowers
    [ set seller one-of households  ; payments made to anyone, so some loans will in effect be used to repay the borrowings of sellers if offset allowed.
      ask seller [ set spentLoan [ ownLoan ] of myself ] 
   ]  

end

;-----------------------

to collect-data-at-end-of-month
   ; households borrow, banks lend
   ; households save, banks have deposits
   ; only one bank!   
  
   ; bank's balance sheet
   ; assets = liquidity + lending + spare cash + current profit
   ; liabilities = deposits + capital + retained profit
   
  
   set totalCurrentProfit  ( totalBorrowersInterestPayments + incomeOnLiquidAssets - totalSaversInterestPayments - totalBadDebts )
   set totalRetainedProfit ( totalRetainedProfit + totalCurrentProfit )
   
   set totalDepositsAtEndOfMonth precision ( sum [ ownTotalSavings ] of households ) 0
   set totalCapitalAtEndOfMonth sum [ capital ] of banks  
   set totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth totalDepositsAtEndOfMonth + totalCapitalAtEndOfMonth + totalRetainedProfit
   
   set totalLendingAtEndOfMonth precision  ( sum [ ownOutstandingBorrowing ] of households ) 0
   set totalBanksLiquidity ( totalBanksRequiredLiquidity  
                             + banksSpareCash 
                             + totalRetainedProfit 
                             + totalCapitalAtEndOfMonth )
   set totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth totalBanksLiquidity + totalLendingAtEndOfMonth  
   
   set overallBalanceAtEndOfMonth precision ( totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth - totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth ) 0
   
   set check  totalLendingAtEndOfMonth - ( totalLendingAtStartOfMonth + totalNewLoans  ) ; nb totalLendingAtStartOfMonth takes repayments into account
   
   ; reserve ratio
   
   set reserveRatio% precision ( totalBanksLiquidity / totalDepositsAtEndOfMonth * 100 ) 3
   
   ; capital-adequacy-ratio
 
   ; risk weight allocated in set-up
   ask banks [ set riskWeightedExposure ( totalLendingAtEndOfMonth * riskWeightLoan% / 100 ) ]      
   set totalRiskWeightedExposure sum [ riskWeightedExposure ] of banks 
   ifelse totalRiskWeightedExposure > 0  
    [ set capitalAdequacyRatio%  precision ( ( totalCapital + totalRetainedProfit) / totalRiskWeightedExposure  * 100 ) 2 
      if capitalAdequacyRatio% < 0 [set capitalAdequacyRatio% 0 ]]
    [ set capitalAdequacyRatio% 0 ]
 
   ; multipliers   
   ; households hold no cash, so the money supply = deposits and the bank deposit and money multipliers are the same

   set bankDepositMultiplier totalDepositsAtEndOfMonth / totalInitialDeposits 
   
   ; macro
   
   set totalExpenditure precision sum [ ownExpenditureThisMonth ] of households 0
 

   ; collect data

    if month-counter = 12 [ collect-data-12 ]
    if month-counter = 60 [ collect-data-60 ]
    if month-counter = 120 [ collect-data-120 ]
    
  ; plots     
   if run-counter = 1 [ do-plots ]

 end

;------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
; RESULTS
;-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    to collect-data-12
        ; bank metrics   
        set reserveRatio%12 reserveRatio% 
        set capitalAdequacyRatio%12 capitalAdequacyRatio%
        set bankDepositMultiplier12 bankDepositMultiplier        
        set accumReserveRatio%12 lput reserveRatio%12 accumReserveRatio%12
        set accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%12 lput capitalAdequacyRatio%12 accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%12
        set accumBankDepositMultiplier12 lput bankDepositMultiplier12 accumBankDepositMultiplier12
       
         
        set totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth12 totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth
        set totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth12 totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth
        set totalRetainedProfit12 totalRetainedProfit    
        set totalLendingAtEndOfMonth12 totalLendingAtEndOfMonth    
        set accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth12 lput totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth12 accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth12
        set accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth12 lput totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth12 accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth12
        set accumTotalRetainedProfit12 lput totalRetainedProfit12 accumTotalRetainedProfit12
        set accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth12 lput totalLendingAtEndOfMonth12 accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth12        
        
        ; savers defined as having savings greater than 10K
        set borrowers12 count households with [ ownOutstandingBorrowing > 0  ]
        set savers12 count households with [ ownTotalSavings >= 10 ]
        set potentialBorrowers12 count households with [ potentialBorrower = "Yes" ]
        set accumBorrowers12 lput borrowers12 accumBorrowers12
        set accumSavers12 lput savers12 accumSavers12
        set accumPotentialBorrowers12 lput potentialBorrowers12 accumPotentialBorrowers12    
        
        set avSavings12 precision mean [ ownTotalSavings ] of households with [ ownTotalSavings >= 10 ] 1
        set accumAvSavings12 lput avSavings12 accumAvSavings12 
        
        ; supply of loans
        set totalNewLoans12 totalNewLoans        
        set accumTotalNewLoans12 lput totalNewLoans12 accumTotalNewLoans12 
        
        ; expenditure  
        set totalExpenditure12 totalExpenditure
        set totalRepayments12 totalRepayments  
        set accumTotalExpenditure12 lput totalExpenditure12  accumTotalExpenditure12
        set accumTotalRepayments12 lput totalRepayments12 accumTotalRepayments12
        
    end

    to collect-data-60
        ; bank metrics 
        set reserveRatio%60 reserveRatio% 
        set capitalAdequacyRatio%60 capitalAdequacyRatio%
        set bankDepositMultiplier60 bankDepositMultiplier   
        set accumReserveRatio%60 lput reserveRatio%60 accumReserveRatio%60
        set accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%60 lput capitalAdequacyRatio%60 accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%60
        set accumBankDepositMultiplier60 lput bankDepositMultiplier60 accumBankDepositMultiplier60
        
        set totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth60 totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth
        set totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth60 totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth
        set totalRetainedProfit60 totalRetainedProfit    
        set totalLendingAtEndOfMonth60 totalLendingAtEndOfMonth    
        set accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth60 lput totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth60 accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth60
        set accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth60 lput totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth60 accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth60
        set accumTotalRetainedProfit60 lput totalRetainedProfit60 accumTotalRetainedProfit60
        set accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth60 lput totalLendingAtEndOfMonth60 accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth60        
        
        ; savers defined as having savings greater than 10K
        set borrowers60 count households with [ ownOutstandingBorrowing > 0  ]
        set savers60 count households with [ ownTotalSavings >= 10 ]
        set potentialBorrowers60 count households with [ potentialBorrower = "Yes" ]
        set accumBorrowers60 lput borrowers60 accumBorrowers60   
        set accumSavers60 lput savers60 accumSavers60
        set accumPotentialBorrowers60 lput potentialBorrowers60 accumPotentialBorrowers60  
        set avSavings60 precision mean [ ownTotalSavings ] of households with [ ownTotalSavings >= 10 ] 1
        set accumAvSavings60 lput avSavings60 accumAvSavings60 
        
        ; supply of loans
        set totalNewLoans60 totalNewLoans     
        set accumTotalNewLoans60 lput totalNewLoans60 accumTotalNewLoans60
        
        ; expenditure 
        set totalExpenditure60 totalExpenditure
        set totalRepayments60 totalRepayments  
        set accumTotalExpenditure60 lput totalExpenditure60  accumTotalExpenditure60
        set accumTotalRepayments60 lput totalRepayments60 accumTotalRepayments60
   
    end
 
    to collect-data-120
    ; bank metrics  
    set reserveRatio%120 reserveRatio% 
    set capitalAdequacyRatio%120 capitalAdequacyRatio%
    set bankDepositMultiplier120 bankDepositMultiplier
    set accumReserveRatio%120 lput reserveRatio%120 accumReserveRatio%120
    set accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%120 lput capitalAdequacyRatio%120 accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%120
    set accumBankDepositMultiplier120 lput bankDepositMultiplier120 accumBankDepositMultiplier120   
    
    
    set totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth120 totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth
    set totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth120 totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth
    set totalRetainedProfit120 totalRetainedProfit   
    set totalLendingAtEndOfMonth120 totalLendingAtEndOfMonth  
    set accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth120 lput totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth120 accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth120
    set accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth120 lput totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth120 accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth120
    set accumTotalRetainedProfit120 lput totalRetainedProfit120 accumTotalRetainedProfit120
    set accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth120 lput totalLendingAtEndOfMonth120 accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth120        
        
    ; savers defined as having savings greater than 10K
    set borrowers120 count households with [ ownOutstandingBorrowing > 0  ]
    set savers120 count households with [ ownTotalSavings >= 10 ]
    set potentialBorrowers120 count households with [ potentialBorrower = "Yes" ]
    set accumBorrowers120 lput borrowers120 accumBorrowers120
    set accumSavers120 lput savers120 accumSavers120
    set accumPotentialBorrowers120 lput potentialBorrowers120 accumPotentialBorrowers120 
        
    set avSavings120 precision mean [ ownTotalSavings ] of households with [ ownTotalSavings >= 10 ] 1
    set accumAvSavings120 lput avSavings120 accumAvSavings120 
    
    ; supply of loans
    set totalNewLoans120 totalNewLoans        
    set accumTotalNewLoans120 lput totalNewLoans120 accumTotalNewLoans120
    
    ; expenditure      
    set totalExpenditure120 totalExpenditure
    set totalRepayments120 totalRepayments 
    set accumTotalExpenditure120 lput totalExpenditure120  accumTotalExpenditure120
    set accumTotalRepayments120 lput totalRepayments120 accumTotalRepayments120
    end
 
;---------------
to collect-data-at-end 

 file-open  (word "Banking-"description".csv" )
 file-print " " 
 file-print ( word "Results over "  number-of-runs " runs")
 file-print " " 
 
 file-print " " 
 file-print "Bank metrics"
 
 file-print "Months       Mean Reserve Ratio %  (sd)" 
  if month-counter >= 12
  [
  file-type (word "12   " ) 
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumReserveRatio%12 ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumReserveRatio%12  ) 1 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )" ) ]   
  file-print " "  
  ]
   if month-counter >= 60
  [
  file-type (word "60   " )
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumReserveRatio%60 ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type ( word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumReserveRatio%60  ) 1 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )" )  ] 
  file-print " "
  ]
   if month-counter >= 120
  [
  file-type ( "120   " ) 
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumReserveRatio%120 ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type  (word "( " precision ( standard-deviation accumReserveRatio%120  ) 1 )
                             file-type ( word " )")] 
  ] 
  file-print "  "
  file-print "  "
  file-print "Months       Mean Cap Ad Ratio %   (sd)" 
  if month-counter >= 12
  [
  file-type (word "12   " ) 
  file-type  ( precision ( mean accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%12 ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%12 ) 1 )  
                              file-type ( word " )") ] 
  file-print  " " 
   ]
   if month-counter >= 60
  [
  file-type (word "60   " )   
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%60 ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%60 ) 1 ) 
                              file-type ( word " )") ]    
  file-print  " " 
  ]
   if month-counter >= 120
  [
  file-type (word "120   " ) 
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%120 ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumCapitalAdequacyRatio%120 ) 1 )  
                             file-type ( word " )") ]     
  ]
  
  file-print "  "
  file-print "  "
  file-print "Months  Mean Bank Deposit Multiplier"
  if month-counter >= 12
  [  
  file-type (word "12   " )     
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumBankDepositMultiplier12  ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumBankDepositMultiplier12   ) 1 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )") ]  
   ]
   if month-counter >= 60
  [    
  file-print  " "    
  file-type (word "60   " )
  file-type  ( precision ( mean accumBankDepositMultiplier60  ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumBankDepositMultiplier60   ) 1 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )") ]       
  file-print  " " 
  ]
  if month-counter >= 120
  [    
  file-type (word "120   " ) 
  file-type  ( precision ( mean accumBankDepositMultiplier120  ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumBankDepositMultiplier120   ) 1 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )") ]       
  ]
  
 file-print " " 
 file-print " " 
 file-print "Bank balance sheet"
 
 file-print "Months       Mean Liabilities  (sd)" 
  if month-counter >= 12
  [
  file-type (word "12   " ) 
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth12 ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth12  ) 0 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )" ) ]   
  file-print " "  
  ]
   if month-counter >= 60
  [
  file-type (word "60   " )
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth60 ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type ( word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth60  ) 0 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )" )  ] 
  file-print " "
  ]
   if month-counter >= 120
  [
  file-type ( "120   " ) 
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth120 ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type  (word "( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth120  ) 0 )
                             file-type ( word " )")] 
  ] 
  file-print "  "
  file-print "  "
  file-print "Months       Mean Assets   (sd)" 
  if month-counter >= 12
  [
  file-type (word "12   " ) 
  file-type  ( precision ( mean accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth12  ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth12  ) 0 )  
                              file-type ( word " )") ] 
  file-print  " " 
   ]
   if month-counter >= 60
  [
  file-type (word "60   " )   
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth60  ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth60 ) 0 ) 
                              file-type ( word " )") ]    
  file-print  " " 
  ]
   if month-counter >= 120
  [
  file-type (word "120   " ) 
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth120  ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalAssetsAtEndOfMonth120  ) 0 )  
                             file-type ( word " )") ]     
  ]
  
  file-print "  "
  file-print "  "
  file-print "Months  Retained profit (sd)"
  if month-counter >= 12
  [  
  file-type (word "12   " )     
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumTotalRetainedProfit12   ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalRetainedProfit12   ) 0 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )") ]  
   ]
   if month-counter >= 60
  [    
  file-print  " "    
  file-type (word "60   " )
  file-type  ( precision ( mean accumTotalRetainedProfit60   ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalRetainedProfit60    ) 0 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )") ]       
  file-print  " " 
  ]
  if month-counter >= 120
  [    
  file-type (word "120   " ) 
  file-type  ( precision ( mean accumTotalRetainedProfit120  ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalRetainedProfit120  ) 0 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )") ]       
  ]

  
  file-print "  "
  file-print "  "
  file-print "Months  Total lending (sd)"
  if month-counter >= 12
  [  
  file-type (word "12   " )     
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth12   ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth12   ) 0 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )") ]  
   ]
   if month-counter >= 60
  [    
  file-print  " "    
  file-type (word "60   " )
  file-type  ( precision ( mean accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth60   ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word "(" precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth60    ) 0 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )") ]       
  file-print  " " 
  ]
  if month-counter >= 120
  [    
  file-type (word "120   " ) 
  file-type  ( precision ( mean accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth120  ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalLendingAtEndOfMonth120  ) 0 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )") ]       
  ]
  
file-print " " 
file-print " " 
file-print "Total new money loaned in month" 
 file-print "Months  Mean" 
if month-counter >= 12
[                
  file-type (word "12 " )    
 file-type  (precision ( mean accumTotalNewLoans12  ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalNewLoans12 ) 0 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )" ) ]     
   file-print  " " 
    ] 
  if month-counter >= 60
  [    
   file-type (word "60 " )   
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumTotalNewLoans60  ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalNewLoans60 ) 0 ) 
                              file-type ( word " )" ) ]  
   file-print  " " 
  ]
  if month-counter >= 120
  [   
 file-type (word "120 " )
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumTotalNewLoans120  ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalNewLoans120 ) 0 ) 
                              file-type ( word " )" ) ] 
  ]
 
     
file-print " " 
file-print " " 
file-print "Macro metrics" 
 file-print "Months  Mean total expenditure (sd)" 
if month-counter >= 12
[                
  file-type (word "12 " )    
 file-type  (precision ( mean accumTotalExpenditure12  ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalExpenditure12 ) 0 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )" ) ]     
   file-print  " " 
    ] 
  if month-counter >= 60
  [    
   file-type (word "60 " )   
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumTotalExpenditure60  ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalExpenditure60 ) 0 ) 
                              file-type ( word " )" ) ]  
   file-print  " " 
  ]
  if month-counter >= 120
  [   
 file-type (word "120 " )
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumTotalExpenditure120  ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalExpenditure120 ) 0 )
                             file-type ( word " )" ) ]  
  ]
  file-print  " " 
  file-print " " 
   file-print "Months  Mean total repayments (sd)" 
 if month-counter >= 12
[                
  file-type (word "12 " )        
 file-type  (precision ( mean accumTotalRepayments12  ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalRepayments12 ) 0 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )" ) ] 
 file-print  " " 
    ] 
  if month-counter >= 60
  [    
   file-type (word "60 " )     
 file-type  (precision ( mean accumTotalRepayments60  ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalRepayments60 ) 0 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )" ) ]         
    file-print  " " 
  ]
  if month-counter >= 120
  [   
 file-type (word "120 " )     
 file-type  ( precision ( mean accumTotalRepayments120  ) 0 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumTotalRepayments120 ) 0 ) 
                              file-type ( word " )" ) ] 
 
  ] 
 
 ; savers and borroowers 
 file-print " " 
  file-print " " 
  file-print "Savers and borrowers"  
  file-print "Months  Mean no. of borrowers (sd)"
  if month-counter >= 12
  [  
  file-type (word "12  " )
  file-type  ( precision ( mean accumBorrowers12  ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumBorrowers12 ) 1 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )" )] 
  ] 
  if month-counter >= 60
  [    
  file-print  " "    
  file-type (word "60 " )
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumBorrowers60  ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumBorrowers60 ) 1 )  
                             file-type ( word " )" )] 
  file-print  " " 
  ]
  if month-counter >= 120
  [ 
     file-type (word "120 " ) 
    file-type  (precision ( mean accumBorrowers120  ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumBorrowers120 ) 1 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )" ) ]      
  ]  
  
   file-print " "  
   file-print " " 
   file-print "Months  Mean no. of savers (sd)"
   if month-counter >= 12
  [   
  file-type (word "12 " )   
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumSavers12  ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumSavers12   ) 1 )
                             file-type ( word " )" ) ] 
  file-print  " "    
   ] 
  if month-counter >= 60
  [  
   file-type (word "60 " ) 
   file-type  ( precision ( mean accumSavers60  ) 1 )
   if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " (" precision ( standard-deviation accumSavers60   ) 1 ) 
                           file-type ( word " )" ) ]   
   file-print  " " 
  ]
  if month-counter >= 120
  [   
   file-type (word "120 " ) 
   file-type  (precision ( mean accumSavers120  ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " (" precision ( standard-deviation accumSavers120   ) 1 )  
                             file-type ( word " )" ) ]  
  ]   
 file-print " " 
 file-print  " "  
  file-print "Months  Mean no. of potential borrowers (sd)"    
   if month-counter >= 12
  [     
   file-type (word "12 " )  
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumPotentialBorrowers12  ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumPotentialBorrowers12  ) 1 )  
                             file-type ( word " )" )]  
     file-print  " " 
  ] 
  if month-counter >= 60
  [  
    file-type (word "60 " ) 
    file-type  (precision ( mean accumPotentialBorrowers60  ) 1 )
      if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumPotentialBorrowers60   ) 1 )
                              file-type ( word " )" )  ]   
    file-print  " " 
  ]
  if month-counter >= 120
  [  
   file-type (word "120 " ) 
   file-type  (precision ( mean accumPotentialBorrowers120  ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumPotentialBorrowers120   ) 1 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )" )  ] 
  ]     
 
 ; mean savings 
 file-print "Months  Mean savings of savers (sd)"    
  if month-counter >= 12
  [              
    file-type (word "12 " )
     file-type (precision ( mean accumAvSavings12  ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumAvSavings12   ) 1 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )" ) ]   
    file-print  " " 
    ] 
  if month-counter >= 60
  [    
   file-type (word "60 " )
   file-type (precision ( mean accumAvSavings60  ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumAvSavings60   ) 1 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )" ) ]         
   file-print  " " 
  ]
  if month-counter >= 120
  [   
 file-type (word "120 " ) 
  file-type  (precision ( mean accumAvSavings120  ) 1 )
     if number-of-runs > 1 [ file-type (word " ( " precision ( standard-deviation accumAvSavings120   ) 1 ) 
                             file-type ( word " )" ) ]         
  ]    
  
 export-all-plots (word "Banking-"description".csv" )  

 file-close  
 
end
;----------------------------
to do-plots
  
 set-current-plot "Bank balance sheet"
  set-current-plot-pen "Capital"
  plotxy month-counter totalCapitalAtEndOfMonth / 1000
  set-current-plot-pen "Deposits"
  plotxy month-counter totalDepositsAtEndOfMonth / 1000
  set-current-plot-pen "Profits"
  plotxy month-counter totalRetainedProfit / 1000
  set-current-plot-pen "Liabilities"
  plotxy month-counter  totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth / 1000
  set-current-plot-pen "Liquid"
  plotxy month-counter totalBanksLiquidity / 1000
  set-current-plot-pen "Lending"
  plotxy month-counter  totalLendingAtEndOfMonth / 1000 
  set-current-plot-pen "Assets"
  plotxy month-counter totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth / 1000
  set-current-plot-pen "Balance"
  plotxy month-counter overallBalanceAtEndOfMonth / 1000

 set-current-plot "RWE"
  plotxy month-counter totalRiskWeightedExposure 
  
 set-current-plot "Bank Multiplier"
  plotxy month-counter bankDepositMultiplier
  
 set-current-plot "Ratios"
  set-current-plot-pen "Cap Ad"
  plotxy month-counter capitalAdequacyRatio%
  set-current-plot-pen "Reserve"
  plotxy month-counter reserveRatio%
  
  set-current-plot "Repayments etc"
  set-current-plot-pen "Cap"
  plotxy  month-counter totalCapitalRepayments
  set-current-plot-pen "Int"
  plotxy  month-counter totalBorrowersInterestPayments 
  set-current-plot-pen "Total"
  plotxy  month-counter totalRepayments 
 
 set-current-plot "Income and Profits"
  set-current-plot-pen "Borrowers"
  plotxy  month-counter totalBorrowersInterestPayments 
  set-current-plot-pen "Liquid"
  plotxy  month-counter incomeOnLiquidAssets
  set-current-plot-pen "Savers"
  plotxy month-counter totalSaversInterestPayments
  set-current-plot-pen "Bad"
  plotxy month-counter totalBadDebts
  set-current-plot-pen "Profits"
  plotxy month-counter totalCurrentProfit 
  
 set-current-plot "New loan determinants"
  set-current-plot-pen "Deposits"
  plotxy month-counter totalDepositsAtStartOfMonth 
  set-current-plot-pen "Liquid"
  plotxy month-counter totalBanksRequiredLiquidity 
  set-current-plot-pen "Lending"
  plotxy month-counter  totalLendingAtStartOfMonth  
   
 set-current-plot "New loans"
  set-current-plot-pen "Supply"
  plotxy month-counter  newLoanSupply
  set-current-plot-pen "Made"
  plotxy month-counter  totalNewLoans
  
 set-current-plot "Borrowers and savers"
  set-current-plot-pen "Borrowers"
  plotxy month-counter count households with [ ownOutstandingBorrowing > 0 ]
  set-current-plot-pen "Savers"
  plotxy month-counter count households with [ ownTotalSavings >= 10  ]
  set-current-plot-pen "Pot Borrow"
  plotxy month-counter  count households with [ potentialBorrower = "Yes" ]
  set-current-plot-pen "Def"
  plotxy month-counter  count households with [ defaulter ="Yes" ] 
  
 set-current-plot "Av borrowings and savings"
  set-current-plot-pen "Loans"
  plotxy month-counter loanSize
  set-current-plot-pen "Borrowings"
  if count households with [ ownOutstandingBorrowing > 0 ] > 0
    [ plotxy month-counter mean [ ownOutstandingBorrowing ] of households with [ ownOutstandingBorrowing > 0 ] ] 
  set-current-plot-pen "Savings"
  if count households with [ ownTotalSavings >= 10 ] >= 10
     [ plotxy month-counter  mean [ ownTotalSavings ] of households with [ ownTotalSavings >= 10 ] ]     
     
 set-current-plot "Macro"
  set-current-plot-pen "Expdt"
  plotxy month-counter totalExpenditure
  set-current-plot-pen "Repay"
  plotxy month-counter totalRepayments  
  
 set-current-plot "CarConstraintIndicator"
  plotxy month-counter carConstraintIndicator
  
end

;__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
;__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
@#$#@#$#@
GRAPHICS-WINDOW
1540
14
2261
756
353
353
1.008
1
10
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
-353
353
-353
353
0
0
1
ticks
30.0

BUTTON
3
10
67
43
Setup
setup
NIL
1
T
OBSERVER
NIL
NIL
NIL
NIL
1

BUTTON
81
10
144
43
Go
Go
NIL
1
T
OBSERVER
NIL
NIL
NIL
NIL
1

TEXTBOX
1547
385
1812
477
Black = savers (no borrowing)\nRed = borrowers\nBlue = neither\nGreen = bank\n
12
0.0
1

MONITOR
140
128
235
173
NIL
month-counter
0
1
11

CHOOSER
11
179
129
224
number-of-runs
number-of-runs
1 2 4 10 30 50
2

MONITOR
138
181
230
226
NIL
run-counter
0
1
11

CHOOSER
9
127
123
172
number-of-months
number-of-months
1 2 3 4 12 36 60 120 240 300
7

PLOT
14
510
343
736
Borrowers and savers
Month
Number
0.0
120.0
0.0
1000.0
true
true
"" ""
PENS
"borrowers" 1.0 0 -2674135 true "" ""
"savers" 1.0 0 -16777216 true "" ""
"pot borrow" 1.0 0 -13345367 true "" ""
"def" 1.0 0 -13840069 true "" ""

PLOT
838
10
1226
310
Bank balance sheet
Month
Money (million)
0.0
120.0
0.0
100.0
true
true
"" ""
PENS
"Deposits" 1.0 0 -8630108 true "" ""
"Capital" 1.0 0 -16777216 true "" ""
"Profits" 1.0 0 -2064490 true "" ""
"Liabilities" 1.0 0 -5825686 true "" ""
"Liquid" 1.0 0 -13791810 true "" ""
"Lending" 1.0 0 -13840069 true "" ""
"Assets" 1.0 0 -6459832 true "" ""
"Balance" 1.0 0 -2674135 true "" ""

INPUTBOX
162
10
335
70
description
test
1
0
String

PLOT
538
331
817
500
Bank Multiplier
Month
NIL
0.0
120.0
0.0
10.0
true
false
"" ""
PENS
"Bank" 1.0 0 -16777216 true "" ""

MONITOR
1357
208
1526
253
NIL
totalDepositsAtEndOfMonth
0
1
11

MONITOR
1357
254
1536
299
NIL
totalLendingAtEndOfMonth
0
1
11

MONITOR
1351
16
1521
61
NIL
totalInitialDeposits
0
1
11

MONITOR
1356
153
1458
198
NIL
newLoanSupply
0
1
11

MONITOR
1352
60
1526
105
NIL
totalDepositsAtStartOfMonth
0
1
11

MONITOR
1350
106
1534
151
NIL
totalLendingAtStartOfMonth
0
1
11

PLOT
360
511
724
731
Av borrowings and savings
Month
Money
0.0
120.0
0.0
100.0
true
true
"" ""
PENS
"Loans" 1.0 0 -8630108 true "" ""
"Borrowings" 1.0 0 -2674135 true "" ""
"Savings" 1.0 0 -13345367 true "" ""

PLOT
824
752
1187
983
New loans
Months
Money (thous)
0.0
120.0
0.0
1000.0
true
true
"" ""
PENS
"supply" 1.0 0 -13345367 true "" ""
"made" 1.0 0 -13840069 true "" ""

MONITOR
1358
371
1415
416
NIL
check
0
1
11

CHOOSER
344
12
507
57
loanType
loanType
"mortgages" "consumer loans"
0

PLOT
539
95
813
323
Ratios
Month
%
0.0
120.0
0.0
20.0
true
true
"" ""
PENS
"Cap Ad" 1.0 0 -16777216 true "" ""
"Reserve" 1.0 0 -13345367 true "" ""

PLOT
825
993
1223
1189
RWE
Month
Money (million)
0.0
120.0
0.0
10.0
true
false
"" ""
PENS
"RWE" 1.0 0 -16777216 true "" ""

CHOOSER
520
15
658
60
equityCapital
equityCapital
1000 10000
0

CHOOSER
349
66
509
111
targetReserveRatio%
targetReserveRatio%
0 10
1

CHOOSER
348
117
508
162
targetCapitalAdequacyRatio%
targetCapitalAdequacyRatio%
0 10
1

PLOT
396
1000
797
1203
Macro
Month
Money (millions)
0.0
120.0
0.0
100.0
true
true
"" ""
PENS
"Expdt" 1.0 0 -16777216 true "" ""
"Repay" 1.0 0 -2674135 true "" ""

MONITOR
14
323
143
368
mean savings of savers
mean [ ownTotalSavings ] of households with [ ownTotalSavings > 0 ]
0
1
11

SWITCH
349
172
496
205
affordabilityTest
affordabilityTest
0
1
-1000

SWITCH
348
251
451
284
shock
shock
1
1
-1000

PLOT
19
1001
381
1209
Repayments etc
Month
Money (thous)
0.0
120.0
0.0
100.0
true
true
"" ""
PENS
"Cap" 1.0 0 -13345367 true "" ""
"Int" 1.0 0 -13840069 true "" ""
"Total" 1.0 0 -2674135 true "" ""

PLOT
838
329
1160
501
CarConstraintIndicator
NIL
NIL
0.0
120.0
0.0
1.0
true
false
"" ""
PENS
"default" 1.0 0 -16777216 true "" ""

TEXTBOX
271
130
335
182
Savers have at least 10K of savings
11
0.0
1

SLIDER
13
243
185
276
annualLoanRate%
annualLoanRate%
0
10
5
1
1
NIL
HORIZONTAL

SLIDER
12
279
184
312
annualSaversRate%
annualSaversRate%
0
10
2
1
1
NIL
HORIZONTAL

CHOOSER
9
76
147
121
nOfHouseholds
nOfHouseholds
1000 5000 10000
1

MONITOR
350
396
446
441
N of defaulters
count households with [ defaulter = \"Yes\" ]
0
1
11

CHOOSER
168
72
306
117
nOfSavers
nOfSavers
100 1000
0

MONITOR
1358
320
1422
365
NIL
loanError
0
1
11

PLOT
20
756
376
991
Income and Profits
Month
Money (thous)
0.0
120.0
0.0
10.0
true
true
"" ""
PENS
"Savers" 1.0 0 -16777216 true "" ""
"Borrowers" 1.0 0 -2674135 true "" ""
"Liquid" 1.0 0 -8630108 true "" ""
"Bad" 1.0 0 -7500403 true "" ""
"Profits" 1.0 0 -955883 true "" ""

CHOOSER
348
292
486
337
shock-month
shock-month
0 12 30
0

CHOOSER
350
343
488
388
defaulters%
defaulters%
0 1 2 5 10
0

PLOT
392
755
795
991
New loan determinants
NIL
NIL
0.0
120.0
0.0
1000.0
true
true
"" ""
PENS
"Deposits" 1.0 0 -5825686 true "" ""
"Liquid" 1.0 0 -11221820 true "" ""
"Lending" 1.0 0 -13840069 true "" ""

TEXTBOX
578
67
804
105
PLOTS FOR FIRST RUN ONLY
15
0.0
1

@#$#@#$#@
## WHAT IS IT?

A very simple model of the banking system designed to examine the impact of a once-off tranche of lending.

## HOW IT WORKS

There is one bank and either 1 000, 5 000 or 10 000 households. 

Each household is allocated a monthly budget designed to produce a Gini coefficient of about 0.3 and an average of £1 000 (on the basis of the method used in Chapter 3). The households use it to repay their loans and interest or spend this money. Only loan repayments and interest on loans go through the bank. (This assumption is justified in that this is money that is circulating by being earned and spent and being shifted from one bank account to another.)

The number of households which are initially savers are set by the modeller. As each household is assumed to have £10 000 of savings deposited with the bank, this sets the initial total deposits.

Interest can be charged on loans and paid on savings. Interest can generate profit for the bank. Nothing is done with this: it is held as retained profit. If savers receive interest, this is added to their savings

The bank decides how much to lend each month while trying to stay within the target reserve and capital adequacy ratios, which are set by the modeller (and can be zero). 
  Reserve ratio = Liquid assets / Deposits 
  Capital adequacy ratio =  ( Capital + Retained profit ) / Risk weighted assets 
These ratios are calculated at the end of the month. So the bank is making its decsion of what the position was at the end of the last month: this means that it may breach the targets. As it cannot recall the loans the next month, it may take some time for the bank to return to the target ratios. 

The bank can lend as much as it is able i.e. everyone who can afford a loan and does not already have one is a potential borrower. The affordability test is that the debt repayment must not exceed half of the household's budget. The model can be run with the test switched on or off. Each household can have only one loan. 

If the bank cannot lend all the money it has available without breaching the target ratios, it has to keep the funds liquid and will earn on the rate paid to savers. (This is like having to deposit money with the Bank of England at the 'bank rate'.)

All loans are either mortgages or consumer loans: 
  Mortgage loans are of £100 000 over 25 years.
  Consumer loans are of £5 000 over 3 years.

Households obtaining a loan spend it immediately by transferring it to another household chosen at random. This simulates the end of a house purchase chain or a purchase of a second-hand car. The household receving the payment saves it, thereby increasing the amount deposited with the bank.

Households with loans make monthly repayments of equal amounts throughout the period of the loan.

The shock to the system is default by a chosen percentage of borrowers in a chosen month.

The bank's balance sheet is defined as:
 assets = liquidity + lending + spare cash + current profit
 liabilities = deposits + capital + retained profit

The Bank Deposit Multiplier measures the growth in deposits.

These two ratios, the balance sheet and the multiplier are calculated at the end of each month in the 'collect-data-at-end-of-month' subroutine.

Detailed definitions are given below.

The proportion of total expenditure taken up by debt repayments is also calculated and the number of borrowers and savers counted.

###Detailed definitions

_Reserve ratio_
reserveRatio% = ( totalBanksLiquidity / totalDepositsAtEndOfMonth * 100 ) 
where
  totalBanksLiquidity = ( totalBanksRequiredLiquidity + banksSpareCash +totalRetainedProfit  + totalCapitalAtEndOfMonth )
where 
  totalBanksRequiredLiquidity = totalDepositsAtStartOfMonth *  targetReserveRatio% 
  banksSpareCash is the difference between what the bank has available to end and what it can lean i.e. ( newLoanSupply - totalNewLoans )
  totalRetainedProfit is the cumulated totalCurrentProfit where the totalCurrentProfit in any month =  ( totalBorrowersInterestPayments + incomeOnLiquidAssets -  totalSaversInterestPayments - totalBadDebts )
  totalCapitalAtEndOfMonth is the amount of capital the bank has (which does not change)

_Capital Adequacy Ratio_
capitalAdequacyRatio% = ( totalCapital + totalRetainedProfit) / totalRiskWeightedExposure
where 
  totalRiskWeightedExposure = totalLendingAtEndOfMonth * riskWeightLoan% 
and weight = 0 for liquid, 50% for mortgages and 100% for consumer loans

_Balance sheet_
overallBalanceAtEndOfMonth = totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth - totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth
where 
  totalAssetsAtEndOfMonth = totalBanksLiquidity + totalLendingAtEndOfMonth (as defined above)
  totalLiabilitiesAtEndOfMonth totalDepositsAtEndOfMonth + totalCapitalAtEndOfMonth + totalRetainedProfit

_Bank deposit multiplier_
bankDepositMultiplier totalDepositsAtEndOfMonth / totalInitialDeposits 

### Outputs

Plots are done for the first run. Full results are summarised in a csv file.

## HOW TO USE IT

Set the number of households. For quick runs, use 1 000. But using less than 10 000 households risks running out of borrowers, esepcially for the small consumer loans.

Set the number of savers. This will determine the size of the bank's initial deposits: each saver has £10 000 deposited.

Set the bank's capital.

Set the reserve ratio and capital adequacy targets: these ratios can be zero.

Choose whether the affordability test used or not.

Choose whether a shock is required, and if so, its size and timing.

Set the interest rates for savers and borrowers: these rates can be zero. 

Choose a run name and set the number of rounds and runs required.


## THINGS TO TRY
Increase the initial deposits at the bank by increasing the number of savers.
Increase the bank's equity capital.
Change the target ratios.
Explore the effect of raising interest rates.
Explore the impact of a shock to the system.


## CREDITS AND REFERENCES
Runs on NetLogo 5.2.

For more information, see Hamill, L. & Gilbert, N. (2016) Agent-based Modelling in Economics. Wiley: Chapter 9.

To refer to this model: Hamill, L. & Gilbert, N. (2016) Banking model.

@#$#@#$#@
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@#$#@#$#@
NetLogo 5.2.0
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@#$#@#$#@
@#$#@#$#@
@#$#@#$#@
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@#$#@#$#@
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